The present name of the city is traditionally connected to the settlement Ltava which is mentioned in the Hypatian Chronicle in The city is mentioned for the first time under the name of Poltava no later than In Poltava was passed to a Polish magnate, Bartholomew Obalkowski.
The project was financed by a number of prominent local residents, including Martyn Pushkar , Ivan Iskra , Ivan Kramar and many others.
During the Pereyaslav Council , the Poltava city delegates pledged their allegiance to the Czar of Muscovy, after which stolnik Andrei Spasitelev arrived in Poltava and recorded 1, residents who had pledged their allegiance.
And if the Great Sovereign allows to place a voivode in the city and rebuilt the city until the fall that in Plotava Cherkasy [Cossacks] and residents built their houses and stock-piled their food".
The city suffered from the Great Turkish War when in Petro Ivanenko led an anti-Muscovite uprising with the help of Crimean Tatars , who ravaged the local monastery.
By Poltava had several brick factories, a regimental doctor, and a pharmacy; that same year the city conducted four fairs. Крестовоздвиженский монастырь , Krestovozdvizhensky Monastyr became the seat of bishops of the newly created Eparchy Diocese of Slaviansk and Kherson.
This large new diocese included the lands of the Novorossiya Governorate and the Azov Governorate north of the Black Sea. Since much of that area had only recently been seized from the Ottoman Empire by Russia, and a large number of Orthodox Greek settlers had been invited to settle in the region, the Imperial Government selected a renowned Greek scholar, Eugenios Voulgaris , to preside over the new diocese.
After his retirement in , he was replaced by another Greek theologian, Nikephoros Theotokis. In the city established the Poltava county school, which became its first secular educational institution.
On 2 February the Poltava Male Gymnasium was established. By Poltava had around 30, inhabitants, a district school, a gymnasium, an Institute for Noble Maidens , a spiritual academy, a cadet corps , a library and a number of schools.
In a railway station was opened, leading to rapid economic growth in the region. However, by the Population of Poltava around 60, was mostly working in small enterprises.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries Poltava became an important cultural centre, where many representatives of Ukrainian national revival were active.
After becoming a part of Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic , Poltava experienced accelerated industrial growth, and its population increased to , by During the Nazi occupation the Jewish population 9.
Poltava Air Base , as well as Myrhorod Air Base , were used as eastern locations for landing B Flying Fortress heavy bombers involved in those operations.
The post-war restoration of Poltava continued in the s and s. The city became an important center of military education in the Soviet Union , where missile and communications officers were prepared, and was also home to a Soviet Air Force division of heavy bombers.
Poltava is the administrative center of the Poltava Oblast province as well as of the Poltava Raion housed within the city. However, Poltava is a city of oblast subordinance , thus being subject directly to the oblast authorities rather to the raion administration housed in the city itself.
The territory of Poltava is divided into 3 administrative raions districts: The village of Rozsoshentsi , Scherbani , Tereshky , Kopyly and Suprunivka are officially considered to be outside the city, but actually constitute a part of the Poltava agglomeration.
The centre of the old city is a semicircular Neoclassical square with the Tuscan column of cast iron —11 , commemorating the centenary of the Battle of Poltava and featuring 18 Swedish cannons captured in that battle.
As Peter the Great celebrated his victory in the Saviour church, this 17th-century wooden shrine was carefully preserved to this day. The five-domed city cathedral, dedicated to the Exaltation of the Cross , is a superb monument of Cossack Baroque , built between and As a whole, the cathedral presents a unity which even the Neoclassical belltower has failed to mar.
Another frothy Baroque church, dedicated to the Dormition of the Theotokos, was destroyed in and rebuilt in the s. A minor planet Poltava discovered in by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh is named after the city.
The most popular sport is football soccer. Two professional football soccer teams are based in the city: There are 3 stadiums in Poltava: Butovsky Vorskla Stadium main city stadium , Dynamo Stadium are situated in the city centre and Lokomotiv Stadium which is situated in Podil district.
The electrification of the Poltava-Kharkiv line was completed in August Buses for local municipal routes depart from "AC-2" autostation No.
Local municipal routes are parked along the Taras Shevchenko Street. Marshrutka minibuses serve areas where regular bus access is unavailable; however, they are privately owned and cost more per ride.
In addition, a route trolleybus network of Poltava is also served by a domestic airport , situated outside the city limits near the village of Ivashky.
The international highway M03 , linking Poltava with Kiev and Kharkiv, passes through the southern outskirts of the city. There is also a regional highway P crossing Poltava and linking it with Kremenchuk and Sumy.
Poltava has always been one of the most important science and education centres in Ukraine. Bis zum Ende des Jahrhunderts wuchs die Stadt auf Die ersten Juden hatten sich Anfang des Jahrhunderts niedergelassen; ihre Anzahl stieg bis auf In Poltawa, das vom Wichtigster Wirtschaftsfaktor der Stadt ist der Maschinenbau , daneben sind Nahrungsmittel- und Leichtindustrie von Bedeutung.
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